Clownfish Strengthen Symbiotic Relationships with Their Hosts - Jaaj.Club
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What would you have done in Stars' place at the end of Chapter 3, when he had to choose between death and marriage?


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07.09.2025 17:28
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Started
from the publishing house Collection Jaaj.Club.

Write a science fiction story up to 1 author page and get a chance to be included in a collective collection and get reviewed by renowned authors.

Jury of the contest

Alexander Svistunov
Fantasy writer, member of the Union of Writers of Uzbekistan and the Council for Adventure and Fantastic Literature of the Union of Writers of Russia.

Katerina Popova
A modern writer working in the genre of mysticism, fantasy and adventure thriller. The author does not deprive her works of lightness, humor and self-irony.

Maria Kucherova
Poet and prose writer from Tashkent. The author works in the genres of mysticism, drama and thriller, creates a series of novels and novellas in a single fictional universe.

Konstantin Normaer
A writer working at the intersection of genres: from fantasy detective and steampunk to dark fantasy and mystical realism.

Yana Gros
Writer-prose writer, the main direction - grotesque, social satire, reaction to the processes that are happening today. Laureate and diploma winner of international competitions.

Jerome
Author of the "Lost Worlds" series, specializing in space fiction and time travel. Author of numerous science fiction stories.

Artyom Gorokhov
Artem Gorokhov
Writer-prose writer, author of novels and many works of small prose. The head of seminars of creative community of poets and prose writers.

Olga Sergeyeva
Author of the collection of fantastic stories "Signal". Master of science fiction and mysticism, exploring time, memory and the limits of human possibilities.

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12.08.2025 18:44
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On Sale!

Echo of Destruction is a new post-apocalyptic novel
Zoya Biryukova.

A post-catastrophe world, an ancient war between vampires and werewolves, and a ritual that will decide the fate of humanity.


Zoya Biryukova is a gamer and dark fantasy fan. Her love for the worlds of vampires and werewolves inspired her to create her own story about the post-apocalypse and ancient powers.

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02.07.2025 20:55
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Already on sale!

A new story from Katerina Popova in a mystical novel


Anybody Alive? - Katerina Popova read online

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Comments

Первые главы «Ведьмы из Луриджаны» затягивают с первой страницы. Атмосфера таинственной деревни, где каждый камень дышит древними секретами, создаёт ощущение магии в каждом слове. Автор мягко, но настойчиво вводит нас в мир, где реальность и потустороннее переплетаются. Главная героиня — не типичная ведьма: она сомневается, боится, ищет себя. Это делает её близкой и живой. История раскрывается плавно, но с явным намёком на грядущие испытания. Очень хочется узнать, что скрывает Луриджана.
13.09.2025 elivazeta
Очень интересно про "Пиратство в Персидском заливе" Я многое не знал о том, что пираты там были уже с 8 века до РХ. На них собирали целые государственные армии, чтобы их разбить. В общем всего не описать в двух словах.
Советую, приобретать эту книгу.
12.09.2025 Djon78
Жалко нелязя лайкнуть два раза. Отличное повествование. Револьвер мне в ж%0пу
12.09.2025 Jaaj.Club
The novel is written in beautiful, easy language and reads easily. The plot is interesting and keeps me engaged. I love interesting endings, and here my expectations were met.
12.09.2025 ИИ-II
From the first phrases I plunged into the whirlpool of events. The protagonist boy Jakob immediately attracted to himself by his desire to know his "I". Unfortunately, in his family he is little understood and he goes on a journey. It is hard to tear yourself away from reading, real events are interspersed with fairy tale events. Judge for yourself: musician Jacob falls through a star portal to save a princess from a wicked witch. I read the book in one breath.
10.09.2025 елена

Clownfish Strengthen Symbiotic Relationships with Their Hosts

12.03.2025 Рубрика: Animals
Автор: vassyap
Книга: 
4551 0 0 9 602
Researchers at Osaka University in Japan noticed that clownfish, also known as amphiprions, actively share food with their hosts, strengthening their mutuallistic relationship.
Clownfish Strengthen Symbiotic Relationships with Their Hosts
фото: discovermagazine.com
Animated cartoons can be a fun way to learn interesting facts about the animal kingdom. Pixar's 2003 classic Finding Nemo introduced many children and adults to marine biology for the first time.

Among other things, it described the symbiotic relationship between clownfish and their hosts, sea anemones or actinia: the anemone's sting protects the fish from predators, and the fish in turn helps the actinia keep clean.

A recent study has expanded the understanding of this partnership. Researchers from Osaka Metropolitan University in Japan have observed that clownfish, also known as amphiprion, actively share food with their hosts, strengthening their mutuallistic relationship.

Mutualism is a widespread form of mutualistic cohabitation where the presence of a partner becomes a prerequisite for the existence of each species.

The scientists' findings, published in the journal Scientific Reports, reveal a previously unrecognized advantage of this unique marine cohabitation.

Symbiotic relationship


Survival in the natural world often depends on cooperation. Many species have evolved close relationships classified as mutuallistic, commensalistic (one benefits while the other remains unaffected), or parasitic (one benefits at the expense of the other). Nutrient exchange is a major factor in symbiosis and occurs in a wide range of species.

For example, ant ants protect certain trees from herbivores by feeding on their nectar. Wolves provide carcasses to scavengers such as crows, which in turn learn to follow wolf howls for food. Another well-documented case of gobies and shrimp demonstrates the complexity of interspecific interactions.

potd_candycane_shrimp_1_703.jpg
Photo: elementy.ru

The shrimp digs a burrow in the sand to shelter itself and the goby. However, since the shrimp has poor vision, it relies on the goby for protection. When a predator approaches, the goby warns the shrimp with a flick of its tail, prompting it to retreat into the burrow. In addition, the shrimp receives nutrients from the goby's waste products, further strengthening their bond.

Special connection


One of the longest-studied marine symbioses is that between sea anemones and clownfish. Although coral reefs are home to a variety of species, they are nutrient-poor, making symbiotic interactions essential for survival.

Sea anemones provide the clownfish with shelter and a safe place to spawn thanks to their stinging tentacles. In turn, the clownfish remove waste, ingest harmful invertebrates, and deposit nutrient-rich feces that benefit the anemones. Until recently, it was thought that their contribution was limited to this, until researchers noticed that amphiprions were deliberately feeding their hosts.

For the first time, scientists have recorded clownfish taking pieces of mollusks, holding them in their mouths and attaching them to the tentacles of their host anemone. This behavior allowed the researchers to hypothesize that clownfish are actively feeding their hosts and prompted further study of the factors that influence this behavior and its effect on anemones.

Fishing for new discoveries


The research team conducted fieldwork at Morode Beach, Ainan, southern Japan, to study the clark's clown amphiprion (Amphiprion clarkii) and its host, the sea anemone Actinia bubblegum (Entacmaea quadricolor).

Observations have shown that clownfish selectively consume small animal foods such as krill, clams, squid and fish, and green macroalgae, leaving larger pieces of animal food for their actinia hosts.

They avoided eating or offering brown macroalgae and sponges, which appeared to be unsuitable as food for either species. At first the fish ate to satisfy their own hunger and then increased the amount of food to feed their hosts as well.

"We also confirmed that feeding clownfish directly increases the growth rate of sea anemones," graduate student Kobayashi explained in a press release. "It is known that in other clownfish species, the number of eggs laid increases when the hosts become larger. For clownfish that cannot leave their sea anemone, feeding their hosts is extremely important and ultimately benefits themselves."

This study represents a rare example of symbiosis with direct food provisioning. Understanding this behavior not only advances ecological and biological research, but also the development of conservation strategies for endangered species.

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